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How to Choose the Best ADHD Medication for Adults With Anxiety and Depression
If a person is suffering from both ADHD and depression or anxiety, treating the first condition can often help the second. Mental health experts prescribe antidepressants and stimulants for depression or antidepressants, along with ADHD medication.
Wellbutrin (bupropion) and Effexor (venlafaxine) are the most commonly used antidepressants prescribed "off-label" for ADHD. These medications increase the levels of neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine, and improve concentration.
1. Methylphenidate
Methylphenidate is the most popular treatment for adults suffering from ADHD, anxiety, or depression. It is in a class of medicines known as central nervous system stimulants and works by changing the amounts of certain natural substances within your brain. It is available as a liquid, chewable tablet or extended-release capsule. It can also be given through the skin.
It is not unusual for people with ADHD to have co-occurring mood disorders like anxiety or depression. It is crucial to inform your doctor if you have anxiety or depression because certain medications, particularly stimulants, can cause them to get worse. In some instances, you may require both a medication to treat anxiety and a stimulant medication.
Methylphenidate can cause headaches and stomachaches. It may also raise blood pressure and heart rate and therefore, you should schedule regular visits to your physician to monitor these. It can also cause facial ticks (uncontrollable, rapid movements of the face). It should not be taken by those suffering from a genetic condition called phenylketonuria, which causes difficulty metabolizing the chemical phenylalanine. It can be dangerous to take during pregnancy or nursing. You should tell your doctor that you intend to become pregnant.
When you are taking methylphenidate, it is recommended that you should not operate a vehicle or operate machinery. It can cause dizziness as well as blurred vision. Drink plenty of fluids when taking this medication. Consult your physician if you are having difficulty swallowing tablets. You should not crush or chew on these medications. If you are having difficulty eating solid food, ask your doctor about liquid medicines that can be added to soft food or drinks such as applesauce, yogurt, or pudding.
2. Lisdexamfetamine
Lisdexamfetamine is a drug in the central nervous system stimulant family. It affects the amount of certain natural substances within the brain. It is used to treat of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults and children of six years and over. It is also used to treat binge eating disorder in adults.
Adults with ADHD typically suffer from comorbid depression and anxiety disorders. It is essential to treat these disorders in order to be more comfortable and perform at their best both at work and at home. Some medications used to treat mental conditions may interact negatively with ADHD medication. It is essential to be open about any other medical issues.
Depression and anxiety are both complicated conditions, since they can trigger a variety of symptoms. Certain antidepressants, like Wellbutrin (bupropion) or Effexor (venlafaxine) are often prescribed to treat these conditions and may increase focus and concentration in those suffering from ADHD or ADHD. They usually work by increasing the amount of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, and they have a low potential for misuse and abuse.
In studies of LDX in adults suffering from ADHD and anxiety or depression, the medication showed promising results. It helped improve ADHD ratings as well as executive function and different adhd medications ratings. It was also safe to use.
Inform your doctor if other medications are being used for example, MAO inhibitors, like isocarboxazid and linezolid, methylene blue (Nardil), phenelzine, selegiline, Emsam (Zelapar), or tranylcypromine. These medications should not be taken for 14 days following the use of lisdexamfetamine. You should also inform your doctor know if you are allergic to lisdexamfetamine, or any other ingredient in the medication.
3. Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine (Strattera) is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that is also used to treat depression. It is believed to work by blocking reuptake of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. By boosting levels of this chemical in the brain, the drug increases alertness and reduces anxiety and depressive symptoms. It is important to remember, however, that this medication should not be used as a treatment on its own for anxiety disorders. It is recommended that the patient seeks help from a qualified psychiatrist or therapist.
A number of studies have been conducted to assess the effects types of adhd medication atomoxetine patients suffering from ADHD and other anxiety disorders that are comorbid. These studies include 9 controlled studies that are randomized and 2 post-hoc subgroup analyses. In the majority of cases the atomoxetine treatment outperformed placebo in both measures of improvement in symptom severity and cognitive function. It is important to keep in mind that the sample size in these studies was small.
The medication is also known to cause some side effects, such as abdominal pain as well as a high heart rate. These side effects are usually mild and do not occur in everyone who takes the medication. Some people who take atomoxetine have reported thoughts of suicide. These thoughts were observed in short-term clinical trials of adolescents and children who prescribes adhd medication took the medication. These trials did not lead to suicides.
Like stimulants, atomoxetine may be effective in treating comorbid ADHD and anxiety. In a recent research study, atomoxetine was more effective than placebo when treating adults suffering from social anxiety disorder and ADHD. This is an encouraging result that suggests that this medication may be effective in treating ADHD and anxiety when paired with other treatments. Further research is required to determine if atomoxetine can also be used effectively for other forms of anxiety disorders that are comorbid.
4. Bupropion
Bupropion, a nonstimulant drug, increases the chemical noradrenaline in the brain. This chemical is responsible for sending messages between brain cells. Increasing it can help in focusing and controlling impulses. This medication is typically prescribed in capsule form and is taken every day, either once or twice by your doctor. There are also some serious side effects, such as suicidal thoughts or liver damage.
Anxiety is a disorder that can cause an intense fear and a sense of nervousness. It may cause symptoms like headaches, stomach aches, shortness of breath, and feelings of anxiety or dread. Many people suffering from anxiety disorders struggle with controlling their symptoms despite trying to reduce the severity of their symptoms.
Some people with ADHD may also experience anxiety. The condition can lead to emotional and relationship problems and low self-esteem. The symptoms of untreated ADHD include the inability to pay attention, forgetfulness and impulsive behaviorcan also result in feelings of frustration or failure.
Non-stimulants like atomoxetine, Qelbree and Lisdexamfetamine (methylphenidate) can also assist to ease anxiety symptoms. High blood pressure medication like Clonidine (Kapvay) and guanfacine, (Intuniv or Tenex) can be used to treat ADHD in adults. However, these medications differ from stimulants.
Antidepressants are often prescribed by your physician to treat ADHD. They can be prescribed alone or in combination with stimulants. However, they are not usually prescribed to teenagers and children. Psychotherapy is another treatment option. Talking with a mental-health professional can be beneficial in treating both anxiety and ADHD. Changing your routine and lifestyle can help manage these disorders. You can, for example, try meditating or doing yoga, regulating your sleep and stress levels and incorporating fitness into your routine.
5. Tricyclic antidepressants
In some cases an expert in mental health may suggest antidepressants as part of your treatment program. They're not approved by the FDA to treat ADHD however they can sometimes help alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety if taken alongside stimulants. Antidepressants increase serotonin levels and norepinephrine production in the brain. They can therefore help to reduce anxiety and depression symptoms. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, like fluoxetine(Prozac), citalopram(Celexa), and escitalopram(Lexapro) can increase the levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in your brain to improve your mood and decrease anxiety. Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors -- such as mirtazapine (Remeron) and nefazodone (Serzone) -- also lift your mood by increasing the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin that your brain's chemical messengers release. Tricyclic antidepressants first came into use to treat schizophrenia, but they were later discovered to have powerful antidepressant properties. These drugs include amitriptyline imipramine, and nortriptyline.
Tricyclics can also reduce a person's sensitivity to noise, improve sleep quality and lower blood pressure. They can cause drowsiness, so people taking them should refrain from driving or operating dangerous equipment until they are aware of how they will react to the medication.
Numerous lifestyle changes can improve your adhd medication online and anxiety symptoms, including exercise, getting enough sleep and eating a nutritious diet high in whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Mindfulness and other forms of therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, can help reduce stress. If you're struggling to manage your anxiety and ADHD, Klarity can connect you with licensed providers for easy, cost-free online mental health services. Learn more about our services and book an appointment now.